Incretin effect: difference between revisions
Diff·revision 3 → 4·23:11, 7 Jul 2024
Difference between revision 3 and revision 4 of Incretin effect. 3 lines changed; the page grew by 512 bytes.
| Revision 3 — 02:51, 28 Jun 2024 AmylinAmos (talk) the article treated a rodent finding as human physiology; corrected 1,841 bytes ±0 | Revision 4 — 23:11, 7 Jul 2024 ProglucagonPia (talk) rm the sentence implying the hormone is a drug 2,353 bytes +512 | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| 10 | In healthy adults, the incretin effect accounts for approximately 50–70% of the total insulin secretion that follows oral glucose intake. The remaining 30–50% comes from direct stimulation of beta cells by the rising blood glucose itself, termed the glucose-stimulated response. This dual-mechanism design — nutrient-sensing via hormones, plus direct glucose sensing — confers tight glycaemic control in the postprandial state while minimizing the risk of hypoglycaemia when glucose is low.{{r|holst2007}} | 10 | In healthy adults, the incretin effect accounts for approximately 50–70% of the total insulin secretion that follows oral glucose intake. The remaining 30–50% comes from direct stimulation of beta cells by the rising blood glucose itself, termed the glucose-stimulated response. This dual-mechanism design — nutrient-sensing via hormones, plus direct glucose sensing — confers tight glycaemic control in the postprandial state while minimizing the risk of hypoglycaemia when glucose is low.{{r|holst2007}} |
| 11 | 11 | ||
| + | 12 | == Historical discovery == | |
| + | 13 | The observation that oral glucose intake provokes a larger insulin response than intravenous glucose at matched glycaemic levels was documented in the 1920s, but the mechanism was unknown for over 40 years. Early hypotheses included a direct effect of the intestinal mucosa on the pancreas (Loewi's "enteroinsular axis") and nervous reflexes, but these remained speculative until the insulin-secreting peptide hormones of the gut were isolated and characterized.{{r|creutzfeldt1979}} | |
| + | 14 | ||
| 12 | == References == | 15 | == References == |
| 13 | {{reflist}} | 16 | {{reflist}} |